1
Chromosome is the largest human chromosome. People normally have two copies
of this chromosome as all other non-sex chromosomes. Chromosome one spans
247,199,719 base pairs. Base Pairs are two molecules (nucleotides)
on opposite DNA strands that are connected. Adenine (A) forms a base pair with
thymine (T), as does guanine (G) with cytosine (C) in DNA. Base pairs is how DNA
is measured. There are 4,220known genes in this chromosome which
represents about 8% of all DNA in cells.
There are 890 known
diseases related to this chromosome. Some of these diseases are
deafness,
Alzheimer,
Glaucoma and
Breast Cancer. Rearrangements and mutations
of chromosome 1 are prevalent in cancer and many other diseases. Patterns of
sequence variation reveal signals of recent selection in specific genes that may
contribute to human fitness, and also in regions where no function is evident.