Haplogroup R is believed to have
arisen roughly 66,000 years ago in South Asia. This
haplogroup is a
descendant of
N. 89% of
Europeans come from this haplogroup, though it is also spread to the
Americas.
R Haplogroup
is the pathway to many of us here on Earth. This is the first step out of Africa
and into Asia.
If you are living in Europe or America,
you probably migrated by way of this Haplogroup.
R0a or (pre-HV)1:
Higher frequencies occur in Southwest Asia, specially in the Arabian
Plate. Smaller frequencies in
North Africa, the Horn of Africa, South Asia & Europe.
HV: It is
a west Eurasian haplogroup mainly found throughout the Middle East,
including Iran. It is also found in North Africa, Central Asia and
South Asia.
H:
In West Eurasia. It is the most common mtDNA haplogroup in
Europe.
R1
R1* (16278):
In Kurdish from Turkmenistan (9%).
R1a
R1a*
(3337): Found in Brahmins from Uttar Pradesh (India).
Also in Adygei
people (Caucasus).
R1a1:
Found in Northwest Caucasian people like Kabardins and Adygei
people. Observed in eastern European populations like
northwestern Russians and Poles.
pre-JT or R2'JT
R2:
Found mainly in Balochistan (Pakistan).
(13500):
Found in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh (India).
J:
The highest frequency is in the Near East (12%), 25% in the
Arabian Peninsula among the Bedouins. J declines towards Europe
at 11%, Caucasus 8%, North Africa 6% and becomes practically
missing in East Asia.
T:
The highest frequency is in the Caspian region (Caucasus,
Northern Iran, Turkmenistan). It is
important in Europe (almost 10%), Middle East, Central Asia,
Pakistan and North Africa. Small frequency in the Horn of Africa
and India.
R5: Widely
spread in the Indian subcontinent. Specially in Madhya Pradesh (India)
at 17%.
R5a
R5a1:
Found within the Indo-European speaking populations of India.
R5a2:
Specially among Dravidic groups of India and Sri Lanka.
R6'7 (16362)
The most important presence is among Austro-Asiatic languages speakers
from India (10%).
R6:
Small frequencies in India and Pakistan.
R7: In
the Indian subcontinent
R7a:
Mainly in East India, specially in Santals from Bihar.
R7b:
Specially in Dravidian tribes of East India.
R8: The
highest frequency occurs towards East India, especially within Orissa
(12%), and it is found among the Austro-Asiatic
tribes (Munda
speakers). It is also present in low frequency among the Dravidian and
Indo-European speaking family
R8a: Found
mainly in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh (India).
R8b: In
Orissa, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh (India).
(16304)
R9
R9b: It
appears mostly in Southeast Asia.
Found all over Indonesia, in Indochina, Malaysia, in Aboriginal
Malays like Semelai at 28% and Temuan 21%.
R9c: All
over East Asia and Southeast Asia. Mainly in
Alor (Indonesia) at
11%.
F:
Fairly common in East Asia and Southeast Asia. Higher
frequencies occur in some areas like Nicobar at 50% and
Arunachal Pradesh 31% (India), and
Shors
people from Siberia at 44%. There
is also an important frequency in Taiwanese aborigines,
Guangdong (China),
Maluku (Indonesia), Thailand and Vietnam.
R22 or R12:
Typical for Indonesia, specially in Lesser Sunda Islands (8%).
Low in Thailand.
R11'B (16189)
R11:
Found in China, mainly in Lahu people from Yunnan at 12.5%.
Also in Japan and Rajasthan (India).
