|
Haplogroups are basically groups
(Haplotypes) of people with some of the same genetic
dispositions. Everyone represents a letter in which they belong to that group.
|

When
someone gets a DNA test done they are put into one of these groups that have
matching markers with other people. This shows the migration of your family
history.
Because a Haplogroup consists of similar haplotypes, this is what makes it
possible to predict a Haplogroup from Haplotypes. A SNP test confirms a
Haplogroup. Haplogroups are assigned letters of the alphabet, and refinements
consist of additional number and letter combinations.
Y-DNA is passed solely along the
patrilineal line
(your father's side... father to father, etc.), while mtDNA is passed
solely on the matrilineal line
(your mother's side... mother to mother, etc.), and are both non-recombinant DNA; which
therefore change only by chance mutation from each generation rather than due to
intermixture between parents.
There are 38 major Haplotypes for
Mitochondrial DNA
Haplogroups
|
mtDNA Haplogroups are groups of people with some of the same genetic
dispositions. Everyone represents a letter in which they belong to that group.
Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups have 38 major groups.
|

- Sub-Saharan African:
L0,
L1,
L2,
L3,
L4,
L5,
L6
- West Eurasian:
H,
HV,
T,
U,
V,
X,
K,
I,
J,
R0,
W
- East Eurasian:
A,
B,
C,
D,
E,
F,
G,
Y,
Z (note:
C,
D,
E,
G,
Q, and
Z
belong to
macro-haplogroup M)
- Native American:
A,
B,
C,
D,
X
- Australo-Melanesian:
P,
Q,
S
- Almost Everywhere:
macro-haplogroup
N and
R

Learn more about your family history with the Enhanced Maternal Lineage Test at GeneTree.com!
Some letters you will not see in existence anymore, for example; Z. This
means this bloodline died off due to some form of extinction. Population
bottleneck occurred many times in history with wars and famine. These groups
help define where you came from and with your own
mtDNA
Haplogroups DNA Test you would be provided with this
information.
There are 28 major Haplotypes for
Y Chromosome
Haplogroup
Y Chromosome Haplogroup is broken up into 28 major
groups. This will tell you the path of your father's, father's, father's, etc.
journey.
Y-DNA Haplogroups by letters A through to T, with further
subdivisions using numbers and lower case letters. Y-chromosomal Adam is the
name given by researchers to a theoretical male who is the most recent common
patrilineal (male-lineage) ancestor of all living humans.

Most Recent Common Y Ancestor
l
A ---------------
BT
l
B
-----------
CT
l
CF
-----------------
DE
l
l
C------------------------------------F
D----------E
l
G--------H-----------------------------------IJK
l
IJ-----------------------------------------------------K
l
l
l
I---------J
L------M-----NOP-----S-------T
l
NO---------------------P
l
l
N---------O
Q----------R

Learn more about your family history with the Enhanced Maternal Lineage Test at GeneTree.com!
Family Tree DNA
to test your Y Chromosome...your Paternity Lineage Test
About Us
,
Your Own
Site ,
Link
Exchange ,
Directory
Your Stories ,
Partner
Links
,
Contact
Us