There are 2 main types of DNA testing, Mitochondrial DNA testing and Y
chromosome DNA testing. Other tests try to determine someone's comprehensive
genetic history or ethnic origins.
Mitochondrial DNA testing can trace a person's maternal ancestry. There
are 3 regions which can be tested, the coding region, HVR1 and HVR2. HVR stands
for Hyper Variable Regions which are locations in DNA where the code repeats.
The analysis finds mutations and transitions in your DNA to decipher your
maternal history.
Ancestry.com DNA testing
Y chromosome testing traces a person's paternal ancestry. Your father
passes his Y chromosome which he got from his father, and so on. This only
passes father to son. As of now, technology allows us to decode up to 67
markers. Some labs only go up to 10. You get more answers the more Markers that
are tested.
Family Tree DNA
Autosomal DNA tests a person's ancestry from particular regions to find
what percent your origins are. 13% Native American, 44% English, 6%
French....this test has been called into question but remains popular.
Paternal Test
is an Autosomal test that simply matches a mother or father to a child. This can be
done for grandparents as well.
DNA Identity Profile finds conclusive evidence of a person. This is the
test used by forensic examinations.